What immutable releases protect in GitHub Actions workflows
4.5% of tag references to actions that publish immutable releases point to a protected tag, in GitHub's top 1,000 repositories n = 6,898 tag references
Studies
Original research that measures what practitioners take on faith. New studies are added as they are published.
14 studies
High-value datasets on data.europa.eu: what a machine sees, and what Member States say
7 of the 27 Member States for which the European data portal identifies no high-value dataset n = 27 Member States, 27,972 HVD records
Text-and-data-mining reservations in the EU-27 press, channel by channel
7.3% of EU-27 press sites read in full state a text-and-data-mining reservation that binds any crawler n = 1,356 sites read in full
Are MiCA crypto-asset white papers published in the machine-readable format required since 23 December 2025?
32.5% of crypto-asset white papers notified or updated since 23 December 2025 lead from ESMA's registered URL to the required Inline XBRL file n = 440 white papers
Do the registration numbers on Airbnb listings exist in the official registries? Spain and New York around 20 May 2026
6.6% of Airbnb listings in five Spanish areas with a well-formed tourist-dwelling number show one we could not trace to any registered dwelling n = 2,066 of 31,222
Past the static deadlines: NeTEx on five European access points, checked against open schemas
8 of 34 timetable datasets from five European national access points are fully valid against the NeTEx XSD, all of them French n = 34 datasets, 5 access points
What can a machine verify on Spain's public-sector websites?
32.9% of Spain's public-sector home pages on HTTPS send HSTS n = 1,688 of 5,130
Do Google's AI Overviews and AI Mode keep up with Spanish rule changes? About one answer in twenty did not
5.0% of Google AI Overview answers on recently changed Spanish rules were outdated or wrong n = 12 of 240
Do AI-generated images on Wikimedia Commons carry provenance marks?
50.2% of AI images uploaded to Wikimedia Commons in June–July 2026 carry a machine-readable AI mark n = 313 uploads
Who publishes attestations on PyPI and npm — and who stopped?
23.2% of the top PyPI projects attest their latest version n = 3,479 of 14,995
Multilingual quality of drug names in Wikidata
≈0.9% of Wikidata's multilingual drug labels are wrong, a lower bound n = 34,207 labels
Do AI provenance marks survive common image, video and audio pipelines?
124/124 pixel or container rewrites removed the embedded C2PA manifest n = 124 rewrites
Spoofed AI crawlers
39.3% of requests claiming to be an AI or search crawler were spoofed n = 16,548 claims, 3 sites
Conformance of open-source Verifactu implementations
28.6% of the files presented as valid Verifactu records contain an error n = 35 files
No study matches these filters.